![]() ![]() In this section, learn more about the bones of the head including: the skull, bony orbit, sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, temporal bone, mandible, nasal skeleton and cranial foramina. The bones of the head also give rise to the bony component of the nasal skeleton. The bones of the head create the bony orbits: symmetrical cavities which surround and protect the eye and associated structures. The temporal bone, located laterally, supports the temporal lobes, as well as containing the middle and inner parts of the ear. Fibres from the olfactory nerve (CN1) pass through the ethmoid bone into the nasal cavity allowing the sense of smell. The ethmoid bone forms the roof of the nasal cavity. The sphenoid bone contains the sphenoid sinuses. The sphenoid bone is a butterfly-shaped bone consisting of a body, and upper and lower wings. The mandible forms the lower jaw and is the site of insertion for the lower teeth. The mandible is the strongest and largest bone of the face. The bones of the cranial base allow articulation with the first cervical vertebrae, as well as with the mandible to form the temporomandibular joint. The calvarium is comprised of the frontal, occipital and two parietal bones, and the cranial base is comprised of the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, occipital, parietal and temporal bones. The cranium can be divided further in to the calvarium and the cranial base. Neurovascular structures enter and leave the cranium through the cranial foramina. The cranium encloses and protects the brain whereas, the bones of the facial skeleton provides support to facial soft tissues. Still have questions Find more answers Ask your question. The 22 bones of the skull can be divided in to two main categories: the cranium and the facial skeleton. 28 Reviews Study now Add your answer: Earn + 20 pts Q: What are the eight bones that surround the brain Write your answer. They are a type of fibrous joint, which are immovable. The bones of the head meet at joint lines called sutures. ![]() Red marrow functions in the formation of red blood cells, white blood cells and blood platelets.The bones of the head form a protective cavity around the brain. In adults, red marrow is limited to the spongy bone in the skull, ribs, sternum, clavicles, vertebrae and pelvis. With age, it is largely replaced by yellow marrow for fat storage. In infants, red marrow is found in the bone cavities. Hematopoiesis, the formation of blood cells, mostly takes place in the red marrow of the bones. The dynamic process of releasing and storing calcium goes on almost continuously. When blood calcium levels are increased, the excess calcium is stored in the bone matrix. ![]() When blood calcium levels decrease below normal, calcium is released from the bones so that there will be an adequate supply for metabolic needs. The intercellular matrix of bone contains large amounts of calcium salts, the most important being calcium phosphate. Vertebrae surround and protect the spinal cord and bones of the rib cage help protect the heart and lungs of the thorax.īones work together with muscles as simple mechanical lever systems to produce body movement.īones contain more calcium than any other organ. The fused bones of the cranium surround the brain to make it less vulnerable to injury. The skeleton also protects the soft body parts. The large bones of the lower limbs support the trunk when standing. The skeleton supports the body against the pull of gravity. Sutures are immobile joints that hold the skull bones together. They contain active tissues that consume nutrients, require a blood supply and change shape or remodel in response to variations in mechanical stress.īones provide a rigid framework, known as the skeleton, that support and protect the soft organs of the body. protect the spinal cord, brain, and heart. Health tips What are cranial bones Your skull provides structure to your head and face while also protecting your brain. The living bones in our bodies use oxygen and give off waste products in metabolism. The human skeletal system consists of bones, cartilage, ligaments and tendons and accounts for about 20 percent of the body weight. They rely on a sturdy internal frame that is centered on a prominent spine. ![]() Humans are vertebrates, animals having a vertabral column or backbone. Acknowledgements Introduction to the Skeletal System ![]()
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